Browse the glossary:
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acceptability
— How much a treatment or recommendation is accepted by the people who are affected by it, or who are implementing it, in a study or in practice; … (read more)
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accuracy, diagnostic see diagnostic test accuracy
(test accuracy)
— The ability of a diagnostic test to distinguish between people with a health condition and people without it; … (read more)
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accuracy, diagnostic see diagnostic test accuracy
(test accuracy)
— The ability of a diagnostic test to distinguish between people with a health condition and people without it; … (read more)
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adherence
(compliance, concordance)
— The degree to which participants in a study follow treatment instructions; … (read more)
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adverse effect
(harm)
— Unwanted symptom or other experience in participants which happen as a result of a treatment or test; … (read more)
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adverse event
(adverse effects, undesirable treatment effects)
— Unwanted symptoms or other experiences in participants in a study, which may or may not be caused by treatments.; … (read more)
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allocation
(assignment)
— The process of assigning participants in a study to treatment comparison groups.; … (read more)
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allocation bias
(assignment bias, selection bias)
— Bias resulting from the way participants in a study have been allocated to treatment comparison groups.; … (read more)
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allocation schedule
(allocation sequence)
— The assignment of participants in a study to receive one of two or more treatments (including placebo, or no treatment) in a treatment comparison.; … (read more)
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allocation schedule concealment
(allocation sequence concealment, concealment of allocation)
— Methods used to prevent knowledge beforehand of which participants will be allocated to which treatments in a study.; … (read more)
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allocation, quasi-random see non-random allocation
(quasi-random allocation)
— Methods of allocating study participants to treatment comparison groups that are not random, but are intended to produce similar groups.; … (read more)
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allocation, random see random allocation
(randomization, random selection*)
— The process of assigning participants in a study to treatment comparison groups using a chance process, like drawing lots, to protect against bias.; … (read more)
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analysis, exploratory see exploratory analysis
— Analyses not intended to provide definitive evidence, but rather to suggest directions for future research.; … (read more)
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analysis, intention-to-treat see intention-to-treat analysis
— Analyses based on the outcomes in all the study participants allocated to each of the treatment comparison groups.; … (read more)
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analysis, interim see interim analysis
— Analyses done to check that it is reasonable for an ongoing study to continue; … (read more)
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analysis, subgroup see subgroup analysis
— Analyses restricted to selected groups of participants in a study to assess whether effect estimates vary across subgroups.; … (read more)
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applicability
(external validity, generalizability, relevance)
— The degree to which the results of a [.study] may apply to people who did not participate in the study; … (read more)
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association
(relationship, correlation)
— A relationship between two variables in a study, e.g. between having received a particular treatment and having experienced a particular outcome.; … (read more)
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attrition bias
(exclusion bias)
— Systematic differences between treatment comparison groups in withdrawals or exclusions of participants from the results of a study.; … (read more)
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average
(mean)
— The sum of a list of numbers, e.g. weight, divided by the size of the list, e.g. the number of people having their weight measured; … (read more)
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average difference
(mean difference)
— The difference between the average value of a measure (e.g. weight) in one group and the average value of the same measure in another group; … (read more)