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planned analysis

— Analyses planned before starting data collection and pre-specified in study protocols


Full explanation:

Planned analyses are planned and specified in study protocols before starting data collection.

These contrast with unplanned (post-hoc) analyses or data fishing, which may be suggested by inspecting the data. Multiple statistical comparisons result in misleading findings resulting from the play of chance. This problem is made worse by reporting bias; i.e. only reporting findings that are “statistically significant”.

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